ECOWAS’ diplomatic initiatives in resolving Liberia’s Civil War, 1989-1996

Abstract

West Africa was colonized by Britain, France and Portugal. It resulted in the creation of the Anglophone, Francophone and Lusophone zones in the sub-region. The Anglophone and Francophone have engaged themselves in rivalry exemplified by Nigeria and Cote d’Ivoire who command high level of respect in their respective camps and this often created tension between the two countries before the outbreak of the horrific socio-political debacle that permeated the Liberian landscape. However, in spite of their differences, Nigeria and Cote d’Ivoire initiated, coordinated and handled peace talks by leading other member-states of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in their desire to put a halt to the genocide taking place in Liberia. This article, therefore, explores the diplomatic efforts of the ECOWAS’ member-nations to restore peace in the war-torn country. These pacific settlement initiatives were in two phases: the pre-ECOMOG formation and the post-ECOMOG creation diplomacy. The paper underscores the belief of the West African leaders in restoring and sustaining peace and security in the sub-region thereby revealing their sense of brotherhood and unity.